{"id":91,"date":"2017-05-23T13:36:23","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T13:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/?p=91"},"modified":"2019-03-04T18:29:30","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T18:29:30","slug":"dieta-s-epilepsiou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/2017\/05\/23\/dieta-s-epilepsiou\/","title":{"rendered":"Die\u0165a s epilepsiou"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pod pojmom epilepsia<\/strong> sa zahr\u0148uje cel\u00fd rad ochoren\u00ed prejavuj\u00facich sa opakovan\u00fdmi nervov\u00fdmi z\u00e1chvatmi. Stret\u00e1vame sa s troma hlavn\u00fdmi druhmi z\u00e1chvatov:
\n– ve\u013ek\u00fd epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd je k\u0155\u010dami, stratou vedomia
\n– mal\u00fd epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- die\u0165a zbledne, zah\u013ead\u00ed sa akoby bolo duchom nepr\u00edtomn\u00e9, vtedy vlastne doch\u00e1dza ku kr\u00e1tkej strate vedomia.
\n– psychomotorick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- b\u00fdva zvy\u010dajne u dospel\u00fdch, prev\u00e1dza automaticky ur\u010dit\u00e9 pohyby alebo v\u00fdkony, ktor\u00e9 si neuvedomuje. Deti s epilepsiou musia pravidelne u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 lieky.<\/p>\n

Ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky liekov<\/h3>\n

Nikdy sa ned\u00e1 vopred predpoklada\u0165, ako bude die\u0165a reagova\u0165 na lie\u010dbu. K\u00fdm niektor\u00fdm de\u0165om nerobia probl\u00e9my ani vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vky, u in\u00fdch sa m\u00f4\u017eu prejavi\u0165 ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky u\u017e pri n\u00edzkych. Niektor\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky m\u00f4\u017eu rodi\u010dia a u\u010ditelia mylne pripisova\u0165 lenivosti, nedisciplinovanosti, \u010di nedbanlivosti a nez\u00e1ujmu zo strany die\u0165a\u0165a. Medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie ne\u017eiaduce \u00fa\u010dinky, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu (a samozrejme nemusia) prejavi\u0165, patria najm\u00e4:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • tzv. hypnotick\u00fd efekt – spomalenie psychick\u00fdch procesov, \u00fanava, mal\u00e1tnos\u0165, spavos\u0165, apatia,<\/li>\n
  • a naopak, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 v\u00fdbu\u0161nos\u0165, tvrdohlavos\u0165, ne\u00fastupnos\u0165,<\/li>\n
  • nepokoj, nap\u00e4tie, nepozornos\u0165, bojazlivos\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Die\u0165a s epilepsiou a u\u010denie
    \nDeti postihnut\u00e9 epilepsiou m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Poruchy vn\u00edmania a pomal\u0161ie u\u010debn\u00e9 tempo,<\/li>\n
    • Pozornos\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165a s epilepsiou ovplyv\u0148uje zdravotn\u00fd stav, ale aj jeho z\u00e1ujmy a faktory vonkaj\u0161ieho prostredia,<\/li>\n
    • S\u00fastreden\u00e1 pozornos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 u niektor\u00fdch det\u00ed aj 25 min\u00fat, k\u00fdm in\u00e9 sa dok\u00e1\u017eu s\u00fastredi\u0165 len 10-15 min\u00fat. Dlh\u0161\u00ed \u010das sa to oby\u010dajne dar\u00ed pri ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fdch predmetoch, k\u00fdm tie, ktor\u00e9 ich nebavia, ich dok\u00e1\u017eu zauja\u0165 len kr\u00e1tko,<\/li>\n
    • Najhor\u0161ie sa die\u0165a s\u00fastred\u00ed po\u010das prvej a poslednej vyu\u010dovacej hodiny.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Pam\u00e4\u0165<\/strong>– zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 dr\u00e1\u017edivos\u0165, poruchy pozornosti a pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 absencie (z\u00e1chvaty typu \u201epetit mal“) nar\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa proces v\u0161tepovania a uchovania vedomost\u00ed. Slab\u0161ia b\u00fdva najm\u00e4 pam\u00e4\u0165 na \u010d\u00edsla a abstraktn\u00e1 pam\u00e4\u0165. Najslab\u0161ia je schopnos\u0165 vybavi\u0165 si cudzie a nezn\u00e1me slov\u00e1, k\u00fdm lep\u0161ie si zapam\u00e4taj\u00fa slov\u00e1 so zd\u00f4raznen\u00fdm citov\u00fdm obsahom.
      \nNiekedy sa st\u00e1va, \u017ee die\u0165a s epilepsiou akoby nech\u00e1va nedokon\u010den\u00e9 my\u0161lienky, men\u00ed t\u00e9mu rozhovoru \u010di bez d\u00f4vodu odbieha, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee p\u00f4sobi\u0165 dojmom roztr\u017eitosti a nes\u00favislosti myslenia. Niekedy \u201evo vn\u00fatri“ aj m\u00e1 jasne sformulovan\u00fa my\u0161lienku, no nedok\u00e1\u017ee pre \u0148u n\u00e1js\u0165 vhodn\u00fd v\u00fdraz.
      \nU star\u0161\u00edch det\u00ed je ve\u013emi \u010dast\u00fdm a charakteristick\u00fdch pr\u00edznakom strojen\u00e1, vyumelkovan\u00e1 a neprirodzen\u00e1 re\u010d – sk\u00f4r kni\u017ene spisovn\u00e1, ne\u017e hovorov\u00e1.
      \nZvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti sa nevyh\u00fdbaj\u00fa ani p\u00edsomn\u00e9mu prejavu. P\u00edsmen\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 r\u00f4zne ve\u013ekosti, neoby\u010dajn\u00e9 tvary, niekedy s\u00fa priam \u201eozdobn\u00e9“.
      \nDie\u0165a by nemalo by\u0165 vystaven\u00e9 nadmernej z\u00e1\u0165a\u017ei a rizikov\u00fdm \u0161portom – op\u00e4\u0165 je ide\u00e1lne konzultova\u0165 s lek\u00e1rom, ktor\u00e9 \u0161porty s\u00fa pre die\u0165a vhodn\u00e9 a ak\u00fdm by sa malo vyh\u00fdba\u0165. Pomoc pri za\u010dlenen\u00ed do kolekt\u00edvu<\/p>\n

      Pri v\u00fdbere bud\u00faceho povolania- vhodnej \u0161koly pre die\u0165a s epilepsiou je rozhoduj\u00facim krit\u00e9riom jeho rozumov\u00e1 vyspelos\u0165 a psychick\u00fd stav. Zo sk\u00fasenosti s praxe mus\u00edm uvies\u0165, \u017ee pre deti s epilepsiou ( s vyskytuj\u00facimi sa z\u00e1chvatmi) je n\u00e1js\u0165 vhodn\u00fa stredn\u00fa \u0161kolu ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 ( nesmie by\u0165 povolanie zameran\u00e9 na dlhodob\u00fa pr\u00e1cu pri po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, pr\u00e1cu vo v\u00fd\u0161kach, s ostr\u00fdmi predmetmi…).
      \nVo v\u0161eobecnosti m\u00f4\u017eu pacienti s epilepsiou vykon\u00e1va\u0165 ak\u00e9ko\u013evek povolanie – od nekvalifikovanej pracovnej sily a\u017e po kvalifikovan\u00e9ho \u0161pecialistu. Preto sa v\u00fdber povolania riadi – tak, ako u zdrav\u00fdch – najm\u00e4 stup\u0148om inteligencie, nadan\u00edm a vlastnos\u0165ami \u010dloveka. V\u00fdnimkou s\u00fa povolania ako vodi\u010d autobusu, \u017eeriavnik, pracovn\u00edk pri rota\u010dn\u00fdch strojoch a pod., kde by mohol by\u0165 pr\u00edpadn\u00fd z\u00e1chvat zdraviu \u010di \u017eivotu nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd. Z psychologick\u00fdch pr\u00ed\u010din treba zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 povolania, pri ktor\u00fdch by chor\u00ed trvalo prich\u00e1dzali do kontaktu s ve\u013ek\u00fdm mno\u017estvom \u013eud\u00ed, pokia\u013e sa u nich z\u00e1chvaty objavuj\u00fa (aj ke\u010f len ob\u010das) aj po\u010das d\u0148a. Toto riziko ich m\u00f4\u017ee zbyto\u010dne vystavi\u0165 stresu a obav\u00e1m.
      \n\u013dudia s epilepsiou by nikdy nemali pracova\u0165 vo viac ako dvojzmennej prev\u00e1dzke (s rannou a popolud\u0148aj\u0161ou zmenou), ke\u010f\u017ee pri lie\u010dbe ochorenia je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zachova\u0165 pravideln\u00fd sp\u00e1nkov\u00fd rytmus. Nevhodn\u00e9 s\u00fa tie\u017e nadmerne fyzicky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 povolania, pr\u00e1ce vo v\u00fd\u0161kach, na prudkom slnku, v prostred\u00ed s vysokou teplotou, ako aj tam, kde sa pracuje s chemik\u00e1liami (kyselinami). Nesm\u00fa vykon\u00e1va\u0165 pr\u00e1ce pri otvoren\u00fdch rota\u010dn\u00fdch strojoch a pri vysokom elektrickom nap\u00e4t\u00ed.
      \nPri vo\u013ebe povolania treba bra\u0165 do \u00favahy aj to, \u010di nevy\u017eaduje vedenie motorov\u00e9ho vozidla, ke\u010f\u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina pacientov nem\u00e1 vodi\u010dsk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vnenie, pokia\u013e nie je ochorenie celkom pod kontrolou<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Pod pojmom epilepsia sa zahr\u0148uje cel\u00fd rad ochoren\u00ed prejavuj\u00facich sa opakovan\u00fdmi nervov\u00fdmi z\u00e1chvatmi. Stret\u00e1vame sa s troma hlavn\u00fdmi druhmi z\u00e1chvatov: – ve\u013ek\u00fd epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- sprev\u00e1dzan\u00fd je k\u0155\u010dami, stratou vedomia – mal\u00fd epileptick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- die\u0165a zbledne, zah\u013ead\u00ed sa akoby bolo duchom nepr\u00edtomn\u00e9, vtedy vlastne doch\u00e1dza ku kr\u00e1tkej strate vedomia. – psychomotorick\u00fd z\u00e1chvat- b\u00fdva zvy\u010dajne u dospel\u00fdch,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-informacie-o-poruchach"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1125,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91\/revisions\/1125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}