{"id":59,"date":"2017-05-23T13:06:11","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T13:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/?p=59"},"modified":"2019-03-04T18:37:46","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T18:37:46","slug":"je-vas-prvak-pripraveny-na-skolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/2017\/05\/23\/je-vas-prvak-pripraveny-na-skolu\/","title":{"rendered":"Je V\u00e1\u0161 prv\u00e1k pripraven\u00fd na \u0161kolu?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zvl\u00e1dne to moje die\u0165a, nebude v u\u010den\u00ed zaost\u00e1va\u0165, zvykne si na in\u00fd re\u017eim, ako malo v \u0161k\u00f4lke a je u\u017e zrel\u00e9 na \u0161kolu? Tieto ot\u00e1zky tr\u00e1pia rodi\u010dov bud\u00facich prv\u00e1kov asi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie.
\nPrv\u00e9 dni v \u0161kole s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 s prekon\u00e1van\u00edm mnoh\u00fdch prek\u00e1\u017eok.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1stupom do prv\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edka sa men\u00ed \u017eivot nielen die\u0165a\u0165u, ale aj jeho rodi\u010dom. Psychologi\u010dka a psychoterapeutka Zde\u0148ka N\u00e9methov\u00e1 upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee zoznam povinnost\u00ed sa roz\u0161\u00edri v\u0161etk\u00fdm, zmen\u00ed sa im denn\u00fd re\u017eim a vopred by sa mali pripravi\u0165 i na prekon\u00e1vanie nieko\u013ek\u00fdch prek\u00e1\u017eok.<\/p>\n

Prv\u00e1ci to nemaj\u00fa jednoduch\u00e9<\/strong><\/h4>\n

,,Die\u0165a sa dost\u00e1va do nepoznan\u00e9ho prostredia a situ\u00e1ci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa z jeho novej roly \u017eiaka a spolu\u017eiaka. Kladie sa na\u0148ho ve\u013ea po\u017eiadaviek, mus\u00ed sa za\u010dleni\u0165 do kolekt\u00edvu, prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa ostatn\u00fdm a nau\u010di\u0165 sa discipl\u00edne, poslu\u0161nosti aj schopnosti odklada\u0165 svoje potreby na nesk\u00f4r.\u201c Zvykn\u00fa\u0165 si na \u0161kolsk\u00fd poriadok, nau\u010di\u0165 sa s\u00fastredene sedie\u0165 cel\u00fdch 45 min\u00fat a po pr\u00edchode domov namiesto hry p\u00edsa\u0165 dom\u00e1ce \u00falohy \u2013 aj to s\u00fa novinky v \u017eivote prv\u00e1\u010dika, s ktor\u00fdmi sa spo\u010diatku len ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017eko vyrovn\u00e1. Okrem toho sa mus\u00ed zmieri\u0165 so stratou kamar\u00e1tov zo \u0161k\u00f4lky, zvykn\u00fa\u0165 si na nov\u00fdch pedag\u00f3gov, ako aj na to, \u017ee odteraz bud\u00fa jeho v\u00fdkony, snahu a aktivitu pr\u00edsne hodnoti\u0165.<\/p>\n

Ako mu s t\u00fdm m\u00f4\u017ee pom\u00f4c\u0165 rodi\u010d<\/h4>\n

Porozpr\u00e1vajte sa s n\u00edm o jeho obav\u00e1ch. ,,Sna\u017ete sa situ\u00e1ciu pr\u00edli\u0161 nez\u013eah\u010dova\u0165, aby die\u0165a nemalo pocit, \u017ee ho neberiete dostato\u010dne v\u00e1\u017ene. Sk\u00faste sa zamera\u0165 na pozit\u00edvne o\u010dak\u00e1vania, navna\u010fte ho na to, \u017ee spozn\u00e1 nov\u00fdch kamar\u00e1tov, pr\u00edpadne ho pote\u0161te t\u00fdm, \u017ee s n\u00edm bud\u00fa do triedy chodi\u0165 aj niektor\u00e9 deti zo \u0161k\u00f4lky.\u201c Pod\u013ea psychologi\u010dky by ste mu jeho n\u00e1stup do \u0161koly mohli u\u013eah\u010di\u0165 aj pribalen\u00edm ob\u013e\u00fabenej hra\u010dky, samozrejme, iba po dohovore s triednou u\u010dite\u013ekou. ,,Die\u0165a\u0165u v\u0161ak vysvetlite, \u017ee je to iba na tento de\u0148. Potom u\u017e hra\u010dku mus\u00ed necha\u0165 doma, kde na\u0148ho bude \u010daka\u0165, k\u00fdm sa nevr\u00e1ti zo \u0161koly domov.\u201c E\u0161te pred n\u00e1stupom do prv\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edka by ste mu mali poveda\u0165 o v\u0161etk\u00fdch povinnostiach, ktor\u00e9 ho \u010dakaj\u00fa, povzbudi\u0165 ho pouk\u00e1zan\u00edm na jeho vlastnosti, schopnosti a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ho pozit\u00edvne motivova\u0165 napr\u00edklad t\u00fdm, \u017ee \u010doskoro si u\u017e svoju ob\u013e\u00faben\u00fa knihu pre\u010d\u00edta samo. Nikdy by ste ho nemali stra\u0161i\u0165 formou: ve\u010f po\u010dkaj, v \u0161kole Ti uk\u00e1\u017eu, tam \u0164a nau\u010dia, tam Ti u\u017e nebude tak dobre ako v \u0161k\u00f4lke!<\/p>\n

F\u00f3bia zo \u0161koly<\/h4>\n

T\u00fdmto druhom soci\u00e1lnej f\u00f3bie trp\u00ed \u010doraz viac \u0161kol\u00e1kov. Sta\u010d\u00ed jedna negat\u00edvna sk\u00fasenos\u0165 s u\u010dite\u013eom \u010di spolu\u017eiakmi a die\u0165a u\u017e pred nimi nikdy nebude schopn\u00e9 odpoveda\u0165, napriek tomu, \u017ee sa v\u0161etko d\u00f4sledne nau\u010d\u00ed. Na p\u00edsomku, \u010di presk\u00fa\u0161anie sa m\u00f4\u017ee pripravova\u0165 cel\u00e9 hodiny a predsa dostane zl\u00fa zn\u00e1mku. V takom pr\u00edpade by ste ho za to nemali karha\u0165, ale oceni\u0165 jeho snahu. Za z\u00edskanie hor\u0161ieho ohodnotenia s\u00fa zodpovedn\u00e9 mo\u017eno pr\u00e1ve stres, strach zo zlyhania \u010di v\u00fdsmech ostatn\u00fdch det\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Toto by mal prv\u00e1k zvl\u00e1da\u0165 pred n\u00e1stupom do \u0161koly<\/h4>\n

\u2022 pomenova\u0165 \u010dasti svojho tela,
\n\u2022 poveda\u0165, ako sa vol\u00e1, kde b\u00fdva a pod,
\n\u2022 ur\u010denie miesta \u2013 ved\u013ea, za, v,…,
\n\u2022 ur\u010denie smeru \u2013 hore, dole, do\u013eava, doprava,
\n\u2022 rozpozna\u0165 a zap\u00edsa\u0165 niektor\u00e9 p\u00edsmen\u00e1 ve\u013ekej tla\u010denej abecedy (nap\u00edsa\u0165 napr\u00edklad svoje meno),
\n\u2022 pozna\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 farby, po\u010d\u00edta\u0165 do 10,
\n\u2022 pomenova\u0165 n\u00e1zvy z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch geometrick\u00fdch tvarov (\u0161tvorec, trojuholn\u00edk, kruh) a bez v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch disproporci\u00ed a nerovnomernost\u00ed ich nakresli\u0165,
\n\u2022 nakresli\u0165 dvojrozmerne postavu \u010dloveka so z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi \u010das\u0165ami tela a s niektor\u00fdmi detailmi, ako s\u00fa \u010dasti tv\u00e1re, gombi\u010dky a in\u00e9 doplnky oble\u010denia,
\n\u2022 vyjadri\u0165 svoje potreby a my\u0161lienky,
\n\u2022 zapam\u00e4ta\u0165 si dni v t\u00fd\u017edni, ro\u010dn\u00e9 obdobia,
\n\u2022 samostatne sa obliec\u0165 a obu\u0165,
\n\u2022 samostatne sa naobedova\u0165, pou\u017ei\u0165 WC, umy\u0165 si ruky,
\n\u2022 vydr\u017ea\u0165 pri hre alebo jednej \u010dinnosti aspo\u0148 15\u201320 min\u00fat,
\n\u2022 nemal by sa str\u00e1ni\u0165 spolo\u010dnosti in\u00fdch det\u00ed,
\n\u2022 mal by ovl\u00e1da\u0165 prejavy slu\u0161n\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vania (pozdravi\u0165, odzdravi\u0165…),
\n\u2022 z jeho spr\u00e1vania by mali vymizn\u00fa\u0165 detsk\u00e9 zlozvyky (cm\u00fa\u013eanie prsta, pomo\u010dovanie, ohr\u00fdzanie nechtov…).<\/p>\n

Kedy po\u017eiada\u0165 o odklad n\u00e1stupu do \u0161koly?<\/h4>\n

,,D\u00f4vodom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zdravotn\u00fd stav, psychick\u00e1 nezrelos\u0165, pr\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 naviazanos\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165a na rodi\u010dov alebo aj dlhodob\u00fd pobyt die\u0165a\u0165a spolu s rodi\u010dom v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. Svoje rozhodnutie mus\u00ed rodi\u010d ozn\u00e1mi\u0165 pri z\u00e1pise do \u0161koly a p\u00edsomne po\u017eiada\u0165 riadite\u013ea \u0161koly o odklad za\u010diatku povinnej \u0161kolskej doch\u00e1dzky o jeden \u0161kolsk\u00fd rok,\u201c pri\u010dom pod\u013ea slov psychologi\u010dky t\u00e1to \u017eiados\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee, ale nemus\u00ed by\u0165 od\u00f4vodnen\u00e1 stanoviskom lek\u00e1ra, psychol\u00f3ga \u010di riadite\u013eky materskej \u0161koly. V pr\u00edpade rozdielnych n\u00e1zorov na jeho pred\u0161kolsk\u00fa pripravenos\u0165 by malo die\u0165a podst\u00fapi\u0165 vy\u0161etrenie \u0161kolskej zrelosti v Centre pedagogicko- psychologick\u00e9ho poradenstva a prevencie, ktor\u00e9 sa realizuje ka\u017edoro\u010dne v priebehu mesiacov marec a\u017e m\u00e1j na z\u00e1klade po\u017eiadavky a s\u00fahlasu rodi\u010da alebo z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupcu.<\/p>\n

Odklad aj pre chyby re\u010di<\/h4>\n

Do prvej triedy by die\u0165a malo nastupova\u0165 s \u00faplne osvojenou materinskou re\u010dou. Nemalo by ma\u0165 \u0165a\u017ekosti v oblasti porozumenia re\u010di, slovnej z\u00e1soby, gramatickej str\u00e1nky re\u010di ani v oblasti artikul\u00e1cie. Logopedi\u010dka O\u013ega Tok\u00e1rov\u00e1 v\u0161ak z praxe vie, \u017ee je to tak len m\u00e1lokedy. ,,Rodi\u010dia s de\u0165mi k n\u00e1m prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u010dasto neskoro, a\u017e po\u010das \u0161kolskej doch\u00e1dzky a n\u00e1prava \u0165a\u017ekost\u00ed v tomto veku je u\u017e zlo\u017eitej\u0161ia.\u201c<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zvl\u00e1dne to moje die\u0165a, nebude v u\u010den\u00ed zaost\u00e1va\u0165, zvykne si na in\u00fd re\u017eim, ako malo v \u0161k\u00f4lke a je u\u017e zrel\u00e9 na \u0161kolu? Tieto ot\u00e1zky tr\u00e1pia rodi\u010dov bud\u00facich prv\u00e1kov asi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie. Prv\u00e9 dni v \u0161kole s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 s prekon\u00e1van\u00edm mnoh\u00fdch prek\u00e1\u017eok. N\u00e1stupom do prv\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edka sa men\u00ed \u017eivot nielen die\u0165a\u0165u, ale aj jeho rodi\u010dom. Psychologi\u010dka<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-rodicom"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1132,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions\/1132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.csppke.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}